1.costs costing cost cost
2.sees seeing saw seen
3.pays paying paid paid
4.copies copying copied copied
5.knows knowing knew known
6.spits spitting spat spat
7.rushes rushing rushed rushed
8.begins beginning began begun
9.comes coming came come
10.buys buying bought bought
11.offers offering offered offered
12.chooses choosing chose chosen
13.finds finding found found
14.rides riding rode riden
15.takeswww.rixia.cc taking took taken
16.wake wakes,waking,woke,waken
17.hear hears,hearing,heard heard
18.wear .wears,wearing,wore,woren
19.give gives,giving,gave,givenwww.rixia.cc
20.spend spends,spending,spent,spent

X: 单三 现在分词 过去式 过去分词

cost: costs costing cost cost
see: sees seeing saw seen
pay: pays paying paid paid
copy: copys coping copyed copyed
know: knows knowing known known
spit: spits spitting spit spit
rush; rushs rushing rushed rushed
begin: begins beginning began begun
come: comes comming came came
buy; buys buying bought bought
offer: offers offering offered offered
choose: chooses choosing chose chosen
find: finds finding found found
ride: rides riding rode riden
take: takes taking took taken
wake: wakes waking waked woken
Hear: hears hearing heared heared
wear: wears waering wore worn
give: gives giving gave gaven
spend: spends spending spent spent

单数第三人称，现在分词，过去式,过去分词
1.costs, costing ,cost, cost
2.sees, seeing, saw, seen
3.pays ,paying ,paid ,paid
4.copies, copying, copied, copied
5.knows ,knowing ,knew ,known
6.spits ,spitting ,spit ,spit
7.rushes, rushing, rushed, rushed
8.begins, beginning, began, begun
9.comes, coming, came, come
10.buys, buying, bought, bought
11.offers, offering, offered, offered
12.chooses, choosing, chose, chosen
13.finds, finding, found, found
14.rides, riding, rode, rode
15.takes, taking, took, taken
16.wakes, waking, woke, waken
17.hears, hearing, heard, heard
18.wears, wearing, wore, wore
19.gives, giving, gave, given
20.speAIJYtKdiTnds, spending, spent, spent

1.costs,costing,costed,costed
2.sees,seeing,saw,seen
3.pays,paying,paid,paid
4.copies,copying,copied,copied
5.knows,knowing,knew,known
6.spits,spitting,spit,spit
7.rushes,rushing,rushed,rushed
8.begins,begining,began,began
9.comes,coming,came,come
10.buys,buying,bought,bought
11.offers,offering,offered,offered
12.chooses,choosing,chose,chosen
13.finds,finding,found,found
14.rides,riding,rode,riden
15.takes,taking,took,taken
16.wakes,waking,woke,waken
17.hears,hearing,hear,hear
18.wears,wearing,wore,wore
19.gives,giving,gave,given
20.spends,spending,spent,spent

costs costing cost cost
sees seeing saw seen
pays paying paid paid
copies copying copied copied
knows knowing knew known
spits spitting spit spit
rushes rushing rushed rushed
begins beginning began begun
comes coming came come
buys buying bought bought
offers offering offered offered
chooses choosing chose chosen
finds finding found found
rides riding rode riden
takes taking took taken
wakes waking woke waken
hears hearing heard heard
wears wearing wore worn
gives giving gave given
spends spending spent spent

简体是指不加敬体助动词的所有形式的动词、形容词、形容动词等等。但是不妨碍这些词做各种变化。基本形只是指动词、形容词和形容动词的原形，也就是在词典里可以查到的形式，没有过去时态以及词尾的变化。简单来说，基本形是动词形容词和形容动词的一种形式，而动词形容词形容动词的所有活用都分为简体和敬体两种。举个栗子，行く就是基本形，也是简体。变成可能态的话，行ける就是简体，虽然没有加ます，但是也不能称作是基本形了。再举个栗子的话，“得到”这个词的基本形的简体是もらう，简体可能态是もらえる，敬体可www.rixia.cc能态就是もらえます

自动词：表示主体自身的动作、变化或状态的动词。其主体用格助词が表示。
他动词：表示主体对对象事物的动作、作用的动词。其http://www.rixia.cc主体用格助词が表示，对象事物用格助词を表示
其中只有“る（自动词）—す（他动词）”和“aる（自动词）—eる（他动词）”两中语尾动词的对应关系没有例外，其他形态的对应关系则没有根本性的规律。
判别自动词和他动词的基本依据是，要求表示直接目的语的を格名词的动词是他动词，否则便是自动词。（但在日语中还有一些自动词要求を格名词，需注意。）

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动词的四种主要形式
1.现在式：就是词典中所给的形式，也称为动词原形，其他形式都由它派生而来。一般现在时态要用现在式：welove peace.
2.过去式：几乎每个动词都有过去式，表示过去发生的事。一般过去时态都由它表示，如：
She was aworker. Now she is a technician.
3.过去分词：也是大多数动词都具有的形式，可构成完成时态和被动语态。
He has livedhere for many years. The VCD was madein China.
4.现在分词：通常由动词原形+ing 构成，可构成各种进行时态：
We are learning grammar.

read reads read read reading
look looks looked look looking
walk walks walked walk walking

哪四种形式？